My Professional Philosophy Essay Example

My Professional Philosophy Essay Example My Professional Philosophy Essay My Professional Philosophy Essay My Professional Philosophy Motivation is the driving force behind every task that we embark on and my inspiration to pursue this discipline has been propelled by its physiological and emotional benefits to me and the people that I cater to. The ability to help people live better lives in itself is a massive drive, as this knowledge will have a positive impact on my own life as well. Kinesiology results in more energy, greater understanding of oneself, more choices, acceptance, understanding, solution orientation, functioning ability and most importantly improved quality of life. What motivates me is seeing clients achieve physical outcomes that they thought were unattainable and to educate and inspire people in order for them to thrive and not just survive. It is about longevity and vitality. The outcomes of my emphasis as a career are diverse. This scientific knowledge of muscle function and the nervous system could lead in careers in fitness facilities, personal training or corporate wellness facilities and industry. You can work with individuals in their homes, fitness facilities, rehabilitation clinics, at the worksite and alongside physiotherapists. Trainers would be the first to agree that the relationship and rapport built with a trainee is of core importance. I have to develop the social support system necessary for the client to feel secure with the treatment and service provided and by treating all with dignity and respect, providing emotional support, and considering each individual’s perspective. These are just a few of the strategies to increase satisfaction. By simply enhancing my own listening and communication skills, the trainee automatically perceives their trainer as willing to listen to them and interested in their concerns and may demonstrate a higher level of satisfaction, which can only improve the working relationship and end result. Among other things, acquiring greater knowledge of exercise physiology, anatomy, exercise instruction through experience foremost is one of my goals. I want to have a strong ability to instruct by example and an in depth ability to instruct and demonstrate a remarkable knowledge of fitness assessment procedures and maintain an effective working relationship with other employees and the public. Through hard work, knowledge and determination, I will increase my client base undoubtedly. Moral values have to come hand-in-hand with professionalism. Some of the values that I have developed over time include ambition, competency, equality, integrity, service, responsibility, accuracy, respect, dedication, diversity, improvement, loyalty, credibility, honesty, innovativeness, teamwork and excellence. Others are accountability, empowerment, quality, efficiency, dignity, collaboration, empathy, accomplishment, courage, wisdom, independence, security, challenge, influence, learning, compassion, friendliness, discipline, generosity, persistency, optimism, dependability and flexibility. You have to demonstrate and model your values in action, in personal and work behaviors, decision-making, contribution, and interpersonal interaction. This same values help in making decisions about priorities in your daily work and life. Ethics on the other hand are what truly define us because they are not portrayed to the outside world as compared to values. My religious beliefs in creation and the creator, upholding the law at all times and keeping up with the standards of behavior acceptable in society guide me through my life. In addition, respecting rights of people such as the right to life and the right to privacy is another code of ethics that I follow. Such standards are adequate standards of ethics because they are supported by consistent and well-founded reasons.

Gastornis (Diatryma) - Facts and Figures

Gastornis (Diatryma) - Facts and Figures Name: Gastornis (Greek for Gastons bird); pronounced gas-TORE-niss; also known as Diatryma Habitat: Woodlands of Western Europe, North America, and eastern Asia Historical Epoch: Late Paleocene-Middle Eocene (55-45 million years ago) Size and Weight: About six feet tall and a few hundred pounds Diet: Unknown; probably herbivorous Distinguishing Characteristics: Short, powerful legs and beak; squat trunk About Gastornis First things first: the flightless prehistoric bird we now know as Gastornis used to be called Diatryma (Greek for through a hole), the name by which it was recognized by generations of schoolchildren. After examining some fossil specimens unearthed in New Mexico, the famous American paleontologist Edward Drinker Cope coined the name Diatryma in 1876, not knowing that a more obscure fossil hunter, Gaston Plante, had bestowed his own name on this genus a couple of decades earlier, in 1855, based on a set of bones discovered near Paris. With true scientific evenhandedness, the name of this bird gradually reverted back to Gastornis in the 1980s, generating almost as much confusion as the roughly contemporary switch from Brontosaurus to Apatosaurus. Naming conventions aside, at six feet tall and a few hundred pounds Gastornis was far from the biggest prehistoric bird that ever livedthat honor belongs to the half-ton Aepyornis, the Elephant Birdbut it may have been one of the most dangerous, with a tyrannosaur-like profile (powerful legs and head, puny arms) that demonstrates how evolution tends to fit the same body shapes into the same ecological niches. (Gastornis first popped up in the northern hemisphere about 10 million years after the dinosaurs went extinct, during the late Paleocene and early Eocene epochs). Even worse, if Gastornis was capable of pack hunting, one imagines that it could depopulate an ecosystem of small animals in no time flat! Theres a major problem with this pack-hunting scenario, however: lately, the weight of the evidence is that Gastornis was a herbivore rather than a carnivore. Whereas early illustrations of this bird depicted it munching on Hyracotherium (the tiny prehistoric horse previously known as Eohippus), a chemical analysis of its bones points to a plant-eating diet, and its massive skull has been reinterpreted as ideal for crunching tough vegetation rather than flesh. Tellingly, Gastornis also lacked the hooked beak characteristic of later meat-eating birds, such as Phorusrhacos, aka the Terror Bird, and its short, stubby legs would have been little use chasing prey through the rough underbrush of its environment. Aside from its numerous fossils, Gastornis is one of the few prehistoric birds to be associated with what appear to be its own eggs: shell fragments recovered from western Europe have been reconstructed as oblong, rather than round or ovoid, eggs measuring nearly 10 inches long and four inches in diameter. The putative footprints of Gastornis have also been discovered in France and in Washington state, and a pair of what are believed to be Gastornis feathers have been recovered from the Green River fossil formation in the western U.S. As prehistoric birds go, Gastornis clearly had an unusually widespread distribution, a clear indication (no matter the details of its diet) that it was well-adapted to its place and time.

Electronic Communication Technology Research Paper

Electronic Communication Technology - Research Paper Example Signal frequency spectrum down-conversion is achieved by multiplying the radio-frequency signal by a local oscillator signal in a circuit known as a mixer. This multiplication produces two signals whose frequency content lies about the sum and difference frequencies of the center frequency of the original signal and the oscillator frequency. Two signals at frequencies f1 and f2 are applied to a mixer, and it produces new signals at the sum f1 + f2 and difference f1 - f2 of the original frequencies. A simple technique which uses a diode can be is employed for the purpose of obtaining multiplication. A diode is a non-linear (or non-ohmic) device/element, which means its response (current) is not proportional to its input (voltage). The diode therefore does not reproduce the frequencies of its driving voltage in the current through it, which allows the desired frequency manipulation. The current 'I' through an ideal diode as a function of the voltage 'V' across it is given by And can be approximated for small x (that is, small voltages) by the first few terms of that series. Suppose that the sum of the two input signals v1 + v2 is applied to a diode, and that an output voltage is generated that is proportional to the current through the diode (perhaps by providing the voltage that is present across a resistor in series with the diode). Then, disregarding the constants in the diode equation, the output voltage will have the form The first term on the right is the original two signals followed by the square of the sum, which can be rewritten as . The multiplied signal is present as the above equation shows. It represents all the higher powers of the sum which we assume to be negligible for small signals. As every multiplication produces sum and difference frequencies, from the quadratic term of the series we expect to find signals at frequencies 2f1 and 2f2 from and , and f1 + f2 and f1 f2 from the v1v2 term. Often, so the difference signal has a much lower frequency than the others; extracting this distinct signal is often the principal purpose of using a mixer in such devices as radio receivers. Filter: - The other terms of the above series give rise to other weaker signals at various frequencies which act as noise for the desired signal. They may be filtered out. The filter shown in the block diagram performs this purpose. IF amplifier: - It is an amplifying circuit in a (RF) receiver that processes and enhances a down-converted or modulated signal. A variable local oscillator is used in the receiver to hold the difference-signal center frequency constant as the receiver is tuned. The constant frequency of the down-converted signal is called the

Importance of Philip II in the Success of His Son Research Paper

Importance of Philip II in the Success of His Son - Research Paper Example After the death of Philip, his son Alexander took over as his successor. He executed the plans of his father to invade Asia. During the tenure of Alexander, the Macedonian empire was extended in the west, including Asia Minor, Egypt, Central Asia and India (Present Kashmir and India) in the east. He was just thirty-three years old at the time of his death; he was worshiped by his followers like a God because of his bravery, comradeship and man management. He had already planned invasion in Arabia, having which he had created a long lasting, unparalleled and undefeatable empire. This brought him the title of Alexander the Great. Alexander had a very short tenure of emperorship, but yet it was very successful and full of victories. What could have been the role of Philip towards success of Alexander? Would there have been a successful Alexander the Great without having Philip as his predecessor? One thing is very clear: all historical figures are the merchandise of their predecessors. Philip was always proud of Alexander for his bravery, courageousness and his victories right at the outset of his military life. Alexander remained in school of Aristotle for three years and returned at the age of 16. Upon his return, he came to know about second marriage of his father and birth of step brother, who in his thoughts threatened his position as heir of the throne. Alexander was closer to his mother, whom he thought as a deprived lady due to the second marriage of his father. This increased distances and rivalry within the family and gave rise to conflicts / quarrels between father and son. The differences between them aggravated to an extent that Alexander was banished from Macedonia for quite a long time. Later on, both reconciled, but the distances in between remained ever increasing. Even though Alexander was one of the most popular, successful, brilliant and brave king / general that existed in any period of history, without the on-going efforts of Philip in the fi elds of politics and military, Alexander could have never been as thriving and successful. Philip had opened many avenues to conquer for Alexander. The seed which was sown by Philip in form of collation with Balkan people was harvested by Alexander the Great as subsequent victories with full administrative support by the Balkans (Cole and Coffin 2). Philip was always very concerned about the success of his son. He arranged for his good education and military training. He sent him to Aristotle for three years and then on return, handed him over to military trainers for war preparedness and learning of tactics. Despite the fact that Alexander distanced from him since his second marriage, Philip always remained forthcoming, approachable and friendly to his son. Alexander was always given the feeling of parental pride and honor by his father. His bravery and valor were always valued by Philip. Though Alexander used to remain away on campaigns for long durations, the approach of Philip t owards Alexander was characterized by care and guidance of a truly caring father. Unluckily, this relation of trust and love was not reciprocated by Alexander. He loved his father but in comparison, he was closer to his mother. But after the second marriage of Philip, he did everything in his capacity to remain away from his father but at the same time, he inherited skills of tactician and commander from his father. Alexander learned a lot

Gender and Sex Worksheet Essay Example for Free

Gender and Sex Worksheet Essay What is gender? What is sex in biological terms? Are gender and sex the same thing? Explain why or why not? Gender is a subclass within a grammatical class (as noun, pronoun, adjective, or verb) of a language that is partly arbitrary but also partly based on distinguishable characteristics (as shape, social rank, manner of existence, or sex) and that determines agreement with and selection of other words or grammatical forms (Merriam-Webster). Biological term for sex is ones biological classification as male or female which is set into motion at the moment the sperm ertilizes the egg (Intro To Sociology, 2009). Gender and Sex in my opinion are not the same. Sex refers to the biological and physiological characteristics that define men and women, gender refers to the socially constructed roles, behaviors, activities, and attributes that a given society considers appropriate for men and women. How do gender and sex contribute to the concepts and constructions of masculinity and femininity? According to Planned Parenthood Federation of America Inc (2013), â€Å"Culture determines gender roles and what is masculine and feminine. What does it mean to be a woman or man? Whether we are women or men is not determined just by our sex organs. Our gender includes a complex mix of beliefs, behaviors, and characteristics. How do you act, talk, and behave like a woman or man? Are you feminine or masculine, both, or neither? These are questions that help us get to the core of our gender and gender identity. † Do our concepts of gender and sex contribute to the ways we embrace gender and sex in diversity? Yes, I do feel that our concepts of gender and sex contribute to the ways we embrace gender and sex in diversity. I feel that we look at males as the ones who are supposed to be the readwinner, the rough and tough kind of person and we look at females as the ones who are supposed to be the sweet and kind caregiver at home taking care of the house and kids and being the emotional one, when it can be the other way around. Do our concepts of gender and sex contribute to our understanding of sexual orientation? Explain. Yes, I feel that our concepts of gender and sex contribute to our understanding of sexual orientation in many ways. We have a understanding of what each gender is and what they provide, causing us to make a decision on who we want to be with in life.

Essay on the Growth of Nora and Kristina Linde in Ibsens A Dolls Hous

The Growth of Nora and Kristina Linde in A Doll's House      Ã‚  Ã‚   A Doll's House by Henrik Ibsen, is a play that was written ahead of its time. In this play Ibsen tackles prevailing social norms by presenting two strong-willed women. Both Kristina and Nora chose the men they married by an intellectual rather than an emotional process: Kristina gave up the man she loved (Nils Krogstad) to provide economic security for her mother and her two younger brothers; Nora married Torvald Helmer at a time when he could have prosecuted her father for financial activities which were wrong if not simply illegal.1 Whether she married him out of thankfulness or to influence him during the time of decision is not clear, but one doubts that this timing was mere coincidence; if Nora married Torvald Helmer to save her father, we have reason to doubt that she was ever as empty-headed a "doll" as she claimed to be.    Neither woman knew how to convey her thoughts and feelings to the man she loved: When Kristina broke off with Nils Krogstad, she believed she would spare him grief by ending the relationship ruthlessly and, necessarily, crushing the love he bore her. She was badly mistaken. In making him believe that she had thrown him over for a richer man, she drove him into crime. When she comes to visit Nora she has been on her own for three years and learned how to support herself. Moreover, she has become so aware of her own motivations and such an understanding of his that she comes to the town with the deliberate intent of speaking with her now-widowed lover, and she is so beyond society's concept of what a woman should do and say in a courtship that she can begin the discussion of love and marriage with him. The audience can see that ha... ... 2. The best description of this subplot and love story is Davies (1982:33-34).    Works Cited and Consulted: Brandes, Georg. 1964. Henrik Ibsen. A Critical Study. New York: Benjamin Blom. Reprint of 1899 edition. Clurman, Harold. 1977. Ibsen. New York: Macmillan. Davies, H. Neville. 1982. "Not just a bang and a whimper: the inconclusiveness of Ibsen's A Doll's House." Critical Quarterly 24:33-34. Heiberg, Hans. 1967. Ibsen. A Portrait of the Artist. Coral Gables, Florida: University of Miami. Henrik Ibsen, A Doll's House. Dover Thrift Edition, 1992 Koht, Halvdan. 1971. Life of Ibsen. New York: Benjamin Blom. Meyer, Michael. 1971. Ibsen. A Biography. Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday and Company. Northam, John. 1965. "Ibsen's Search for the Hero." Ibsen. A Collection of Critical Essays. Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice-Hall.

Adult Health Nurse Practioner Essay

Due to the rapid changes and complexity in healthcare, nurses are pursuing higher education and specialized training. This specialized training has produced what we now call advance practice nurses. Advance practice nurses can function independently or in partnership with other physicians. These nurses play a vital role in healthcare. There are four types of advance practice nurses; clinical nurse specialist, nurse anesthetist, nurse midwives, and nurse practitioners. The role of the nurse practitioner has changed from being an assistant to meeting the healthcare needs of patients when no physician is available. Nurse practitioners may specialize in a variety of settings, but are not limited to; primary care, acute care, palliative care, infectious disease, and gerontology. Becoming a nurse practitioner requires a Master of Science in nursing, post masters, or Doctor of nursing practice (Britt, 2012). The services provided by nurse practitioners include; diagnosing and treating healt h problems, adult and well child checks, prescribing medications, teaching health promotion while promoting disease prevention (Britt, 2012). Healthcare reform which has led to increase accessibility of healthcare has created more opportunities for nurse practitioners in the primary care setting (AAON, 2014). Nurse practitioners are visible in the acute and critical care settings. In the acute setting, they are using evidence based practice to manage care of the critically ill (AAON, 2014). According to the American Association of Nurses, â€Å"nurse practitioners are more likely to adhere to clinical practice guidelines that improve patient outcomes (AAON, 2014). Nurse practitioners tent to engage patients in their care by helping them understand t and measures they can take for improvements (Britt, 2012). Despite the enormous contributions nurse practitioners are giving to healthcare, there are barriers to the potential of what a nurse practitioner can give back to their community. The state scope of practice laws are the most significant (Naylor, & Kurtzman, 2010). These laws govern practice and prescriptive authority. There are some states more restrictive than  others. Reimbursement is another issue affecting nurse practitioners. There are legal concerns regarding reimbursement for services provided by nurse practitioners (Perry, 2009). Other barriers NPs face include; poor physician attitude, lack of respect, and poor communication. The poor physician attitude may be due to lack of physician knowledge regarding the role of the nurse practitioner (Clarin, 2009). When there is difficulty understanding the NPs role, then there is difficulty with collaboration, which in turn affects the patient. As the scope of practice for nurse practitioners varies from state to state, the nurse practitioners role is becoming more dominant due to the demands because more people are able to afford healthcare. It is imperative for barriers to be removed that would allow NPs to use their training and education to the fullest. Nurse practitioners are an essential component to the healthcare team and medical community. With such emphasis being placed on preventive care, nurse practitioners will be recognized as an asset. References Naylor, & Kurtzman, E. (2010), The Role of Nurse Practitioner in Reinventing Primary Care. Health Affairs, 29 893-899 doi:10.1377/hlthaff 2010.0440 Clarin, O. (2009), Strategies to Overcome Barriers to Effective Nurse Practitioner Physician Collaboration, Journal for Nurse Practitioners. 3(8) 538-548 Britt, D. (2012), Family Nurse Practitioner in Primary Care. The Parenting Issue 23 Perry, J. (2009), The Rise and Impact of Nurse Practitioners and Physician Assistants. Economic Policy, 27 491-511 doi:10.1111/j.1465-7287.2009.00162.x

Public vs. Private Policing

Public versus Private Policing CJA 500 April 19, 2010 Chris Bragg Public versus Private Policing In recent years, both the numbers of police officers in the United States has been declining. However, the rates for many white-collar crimes, such as computer crimes, employee theft, and fraud, are increasing. Public policing has been known to have a monopoly on policing until the increased trend in private policing in the United States. Public and private policing have many similarities as well as differences and the distinction between public and private police are often blurred. Public Policing Public policing has always been known as the frontline in protecting the society and one of their major assets is the public’s accountability. Recent studies have shown that to some people, a uniformed police can transmit a feeling of respect and security, and through that, he may even be preventing crime just by their presence. The role of public policing is governing both the future and the past: preventing crime and rendering justice with respect to past crimes. Its favored strategy is deterrence on punishment because punishment promises both to prevent crime and to exact a cost for misdeeds already done. Public policing must provide a full range of police services to the public. Public police are particularly experienced, trained, and skilled in the exercise of persuasive authority to command compliance with their safety orders and needs. They are also trained and effective in the use of tactics such as undercover policing, arrest, use of weaponry to protect themselves and the public as-needed, and investigation related to preparing cases for referral to the prosecutor. On the other hand, public police must be taught ‘how to’ do community policing, a type of policing that requires an entirely different approach and language. It requires a different manner of speaking and a different choice of words from traditional policing. It requires a different mindset and attitude toward the public, and a different kind of leadership from the top down. Community policing requires officers to stay put in one neighborhood and build long-term relationships with shoppers, residents, businesses, and employees. It requires officers to be much more proactive and friendly than normal, receptive to suggestions, and willing to use a participatory process to set at least some policing goals and priorities. It requires language not command-oriented and language that does not tend to escalate emotions or raise hackles of those being questioned and not in trouble, or those causing disturbances. It rarely requires arrest as the first resort. It usually requires conversation, negotiation, and mediation that move both parties toward the center, and toward a mutually satisfactory reduction of tempers and threats. Public policing is known to society as the police who protect our communities and arrest those individuals who commit crime. Public policing has the role to maintain law and order, preserve peace, and prevent crime. Public police are employed by governments and paid for by tax dollars and grants. Private Policing Private policing, while emerging as a new industry, is not a new phenomenon and predates the existence of public policing as witnessed today. Private police look and behave as if public police and describing their function often involves a comparison of the activities and responsibilities of the two. The increase of private policing has been in response to many changes in society such as the increase of â€Å"mass private property† in the form of large shopping complexes, cinemas, large retail stores, and large compound style housing estates or gated communities. These require constant surveillance for the safety of shoppers and residents. In fact, adequate security has become one of those value-added extras that attract customers and residents. Technological advances, such as high-tech video surveillance cameras, computers, mobile phones, and satellites have increased the need an increase of security personnel for monitoring, investigating, and analyzing. Private policing has been described in many aspects such as policing activity of crime prevention; detection and apprehension carried out by private organizations or agents for commercial purpose. Private policing includes those people who work for a security company or are employed by an individual or firm to carry out security work, crowd control, or private investigations. Private policing is provided by a private individual or organization, rather than by a public body or the state like public policing is. Private policing targets private crime and is in the business of protecting private and corporate interests. Private policing can serve as many different roles in our community. The major components of private security are alarm systems, security guards, and investigative services. The increase of security systems installed in cars, homes and businesses have said to be the deep-rooted needs to feel secure and to feel that their lives and property that are personally valued are protected, and that offenders can be identified and also obtained. Security has been considered to be a commodity, to be bought, and sold in the marketplace. The value of such a commodity reflects not only material criteria but also an inner human dimension of personal fear and feelings. Many individuals who are in the public eye also hire private security as bodyguards to protect themselves, along with their valuables. Security guards are on the frontline of public interaction and contact in private security. Security guards are used in shopping malls, factories, airports and many other venues that need to be monitored. Crowd control has been part of the private policing roles at functions such as concerts, sporting events, school, and religious events. Private investigators are also among the private policing sector is one with the least amount of public contact. Private investigators are hired by individuals or businesses for a certain purpose and work mostly behind the scenes or undercover doing surveillance. Security guards, surveillance, monitors and investigators are among the few that make up private policing. Comparing Private and Public Policing Private police are seen to be concerned with the protection of personal and corporate interest whereas public police represent the interests of the public and seek to enforce the regulations of the judicial system. Private policing, in comparison to public policing, has been described as passive policing regarding active policing, or as proactive and preventative rather than reactive: in which public police generally react to the crime, private police through surveillance and presentation are seen to prevent crime. The ability of private security providers to select the tasks and duties that they perform is one of the major advantages that private policing has over public policing. Private security regulates entry, limits participation, and excludes on the basis of presumption signs of bad behavior. Some examples would be securing gated communities by checking for residency or employment; dress (T-shirts, bare feet) in businesses that require appropriate attire; and behavior (obscene language, loud radios, roller blades, skateboards). This is also referred to as â€Å"profiling,† which the public police have accused of many times. Unlike the public police, private police are not hampered by their regulatory actions by probable cause. Private policing usually operates behind the traditional and legal boundaries in which the public police cannot lawfully cross unless by invitation or probable cause. This leads to the private policing sector developing a â€Å"broader enterprise than public policing, with a wider range of functions. † Another major benefit with the private providers of security is their flexibility. They can, and will, perform most tasks they are paid to do. Their customers can demand a lot from them, because they are directly answerable to paying clients and their needs. The private entrepreneurs are also forced to ‘do right' by the market. If they fail, they will lose their money. Public police do not have the negotiation factor and are paid on salary, no matter how they perform or how efficient they are in performing their duties. Many have said that private policing is for the rich and public policing is for the poor. This could be effectively argued based on the fact that private policing is not designed to consider the general good for society, like public policing. Private policing is primarily protecting the interests of their paying clients and focuses more on â€Å"loss prevention,† rather than â€Å"crime prevention. † Private policing has been scrutinized and concern have expressed that private security can be overly intrusive, less than scrupulous in its adherence to self-imposed guidelines, and on occasion, the law, and threatening to civil liberties. This could be a direct effect of poor standards, low pay, poor training, lack of good background checks, and also strong competition among private security companies. Many criminologists have examined these factors affecting private policing and believe that the key to the problem lies in the issue of the accountability and regulation of the private security sector. Legitimacy is a problem among private policing because there are few, if any, statutes or laws that give the private security industry governmentally granted rights or powers. Although public policing does have higher standards, they are not regulated and accreditation is voluntary. Many police officers, both working and retired, take jobs in the private security sector for extra income. Obviously, poor training and lack of experience cannot pertain to these individuals; however it has been argued that by hiring these experienced individuals at a higher pay, decreases the pay and funds for training to those without experience. Conclusion Public and private policing are major components in the criminal justice field. It would be impossible for our communities to feel secure without the combination of both forces. The focus has been on public and private policing to interact effectively and cooperate with each other. Understanding the importance of one another's responsibilities and roles could lead to a great partnership. Throughout recent years, some law enforcement agencies have come to realize how to benefit from private policing. References T. Jones. (1998). Private Security and Public Policing. Retrieved April 19, 2010 from www. questia. com/PM. qst? a=o=30434190 Shearing and Stenning. (1983). The Interweaving of Public and Private Police. Retrieved on April 19, 2010 from web. mit. edu/gtmarx/www/private. html (May 12, 2009). Private security and public policing. Retrieved on April 19, 2010 from www. statcan. gc. ca †º †¦ †º 85-002-X_ †º _Juristat

Julia Donaldsons The Gruffalo Picture Book Review

Julia Donaldson's 'The Gruffalo' Picture Book Review Its not surprising that The Gruffalo, first published in 1999, continues to be a popular read aloud. The author, Julia Donaldson, has written a good story with such strong rhythm and rhyme that it just begs to be read aloud. The illustrations by Axel Scheffler are filled with bold color, detail and appealing characters. Summary The Gruffalo is the story of a clever mouse, three large animals that want to eat him and an imaginary monster, a Gruffalo, who turns out to be only too real. Whats a mouse to do when on a walk in the deep dark wood, he is confronted first by a fox, then by an owl and, finally, by a snake, all of whom seem to be intent on inviting him for a meal, with the mouse as the main dish? The mouse tells each of them that he is on his way to a feast with a Gruffalo. The mouses description of the fierce Gruffalo  who would want to eat them scares the fox, the owl, and the snake away. Each time he scares one of the animals away, the mouse says, Doesnt he know? Theres no such thing as a Gruffalo! Imagine the mouses surprise when the monster of his imagination appears right before him in the woods and says, Youll taste good on a slice of bread! The clever mouse comes up with a strategy to convince the Gruffalo that he (the mouse) is the scariest creature in this deep dark wood. How the mouse fools the Gruffalo after fooling the fox, the owl and the snake makes a very satisfying story. A Good Book to Read Aloud Besides the rhythm and the rhyme, some of the other things that make The Gruffalo a good book for reading aloud to young children are the repetitions which encourage children to chime in. Also, the story arc, with the first half of the story about the mouse fooling the fox, then the owl, then the snake with tales of the imaginary Gruffalo and the second half of the story when the mouse misleads the real Gruffalo with the unsuspecting help of the snake, the owl, and the fox. Kids also like the fact that the 1-2-3 order of the mouses meeting the fox, the owl, and the snake becomes a 3-2-1 order as the mouse walks back to the edge of the woods, followed by the Gruffalo. The Author Julia Donaldson grew up in London and attended Bristol University where she studied Drama and French. Before writing childrens books, she was a teacher, a songwriter,  and a street theater performer. In June 2011, Julia Donaldson  was named the 2011-2013 Waterstones Childrens Laureate in the UK. According to the 6/7/11 announcement, The role of the Childrens Laureate is awarded once every two years to an eminent writer or illustrator of childrens books to celebrate outstanding achievement in their field. Donaldson has written more than 120 books and plays for kids and teens. The Gruffalo, one of Julia Donaldsons first childrens books, is also one of her most popular childrens picture books. Others include  Room on the Broom, Stick Man, The Snail and the Whale and What the Ladybird Heard. The Illustrator Axel Scheffler was born in Germany and attended the University of Hamburg but left there to move to England where he studied illustration and earned a degree at the Bath Academy of Art. Axel Scheffler has illustrated some Julia Donaldsons books in addition to The Gruffalo. They include  Room on the Broom, The Snail and the Whale, Stick Man and Zog. Book and Animation Awards Among the awards the creators of The Gruffalo picture book have been honored with are the 1999 Smarties Gold Medal Award for picture books and the 2000 Blue Peter Award for The Best Book to Read Aloud. The animated version of The Gruffalo, which is available on DVD, was nominated for both an Oscar and a British Academy of Film and Television Arts (BAFTA) award  and won the audience award at the Canadian Film Centres Worldwide Short Film Festival. Delight Your Child With a Story Sack If your child loves The Gruffalo, youll want to create a story sack for of crafts and related items. These can include other books by Julia Donaldson about the Gruffalo; mouse, owl, snake and fox crafts; a monster craft and more. Review and Recommendation The story of the clever mouse and the Gruffalo is one that children ages 3 to 6 love hearing again and again. The rhythm and rhyme of Julia Donaldsons story, along with the strong story arc, make The Gruffalo an excellent read aloud. Children quickly learn to help the reader tell the story, and that adds to the fun for all. The dramatic illustrations by Axel Scheffler, with their bold colors and appealing characters, from the little mouse to the colossal Gruffalo, add significantly to the books appeal. (Dial Books for Young Readers, A Division of Penguin Putnam Inc., 1999. ISBN: 9780803731097) Sources: Childrens Laureate siteJulia Donaldson siteChildrens Book Illustration: Axel Scheffler, The Hollywood Reporter

Understanding Assonance 6 Examples, Analyzed

Understanding Assonance 6 Examples, Analyzed SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Analyzing literature can be pretty confusing, especially if you’re reading something that’s pretty complicated. That’s why it’s important to understand literary devices, which are tools designed to help you unlock the meaning of a text. Think of literary devices like tools in a toolbox. Each device has a different use, so it’s important that you have a bunch of different options to choose from...especially when you’re crunched for time, like during an AP Literature exam. That’s why we’re going to teach you everything you need to know about assonance, which is a literary device that helps a writer create both rhythm and tone. To do this, we’ll: Define assonance and talk about why it’s helpful in analyzing literature, Walk you through assonance examples in poetry and prose, and Give you four expert tips to help you find an analyze assonance in any text. Ready? Let’s dive in! What Is Assonance: Definition and Meaning What is assonance, exactly? Luckily, the assonance definition is pretty straightforward! Assonance is defined as the repetition of similar vowel sounds within words, phrases, or sentences. (Remember that vowels are a, e, i, o, u, and sometimes y.) When the same vowel sound is repeated multiple times in close proximity, you’ve found assonance. The best way to understand how assonance works is to see it in action. Let’s look at the following sentence: The squeaky wheel gets the grease. Read this sentence a few times. What vowel sound do you hear repeatedly? The answer: the long "e" sound (which you hear in words like â€Å"eek† and â€Å"creek†). Here’s the sentence again where we’ve bolded the repeated vowel sounds: The squeaky wheel gets the grease. As you can see, the long "e" sound repeats four times in the line, which is a textbook example of assonance! Want another example? Check out this clip from My Fair Lady, which has a whole song that revolves around assonance: Did you hear the assonance in the line, â€Å"the rain in Spain stays mainly in the plain†? Eliza Doolittle really helps that long â€Å"a† vowel sound shine! How Does Assonance Help You Analyze Literature? Now that you know what assonance is, you’re probably wondering how it helps you analyze literature. There are three major ways assonance works: by creating rhythm, drawing attention to specific words, and by shaping the tone- or feeling- of the work. How Assonance Creates Rhythm Because assonance involves repetition, it can be used to create rhythm. This is especially important in poetry, where the rhythm often affects the meaning of the poem. Take these lines from Edgar Allen Poe’s â€Å"The Raven,† for instance: And the Raven, never flitting, still is sitting, still is sitting On the pallid bust of Pallas just above my chamber door; There’s quite a bit of assonance here, especially with the short â€Å"i† sound, which we’ve highlighted in bold above. The assonance gives the poem a drumming, march-like rhythm that mimics the terrified pounding of the speaker’s heart! How Assonance Draws Attention to Specific Words Secondly, the repetitive nature of assonance draws the reader’s attention to those words and phrases. In some cases, it can be the equivalent of the writer waving a red flag at the reader, signalling that there’s something important going on in that part of the text. Let’s look at the first two lines of William Wordsworth’s â€Å"Daffodils† to see this in action: I wandered lonely as a cloud That floats on high o'er vales and hills, Here, the assonance is in the long â€Å"o† sound, and it draws your attention to an important simile in the poem. In this comparison, the speaker imagines himself as a â€Å"lonely† cloud that â€Å"floats† high â€Å"o’er† the landscape. Through assonance, the speaker reveals that he sees himself as separate and isolated from the world around him. How Assonance Shapes Tone and Meaning Writers also use assonance to help create tones, or feelings, in their work. By stringing together different words and vowel sounds, writers can evoke everything from happiness to fear. Here’s an example of this at work in Dylan Thomas’ â€Å"Do not go gentle into that good night†: Old age should burn and rave at close of day; Rage, rage, against the dying of the light To see how this creates a tone, try reading this passage out loud. The assonance of the long â€Å"a† makes you emphasize the sound as you read it, especially since those are also stressed syllables. (Not sure what a stressed syllable is? Check out our guide to iambic pentameter.) The assonance makes these lines sound forceful, which adds to the lines’ insistent- almost desperate- tone. When it comes to poetry, determining a poem’s tones is an important step to uncovering the work’s themes and messages. In the case of Thomas’ poem, the tone of these lines helps us understand how Thomas feels about death. For him, death isn’t something a person should accept passively- they should fight against it and embrace life as long as possible. So in this instance assonance helps us determine the poem’s tone, which in turn leads us to one of the poem’s major themes! Assonance Examples in Poetry Assonance is a pretty common literary device in poetry, especially because it helps poets shape a work’s rhythm, rhyme, tone, and theme. Let’s read one more poem to see how assonance examples help us analyze a poem and its themes. â€Å"The World Is Too Much With Us† by William Wordsworth The world is too much with us; late and soon, Getting and spending, we lay waste our powers;Little we see in Nature that is ours;We have given our hearts away, a sordid boon!This Sea that bares her bosom to the moon,The winds that will be howling at all hours,And are up-gathered now like sleeping flowers,For this, for everything, we are out of tune;It moves us not. - Great God! I'd rather beA Pagan suckled in a creed outworn;So might I, standing on this pleasant lea,Have glimpses that would make me less forlorn;Have sight of Proteus rising from the sea;Or hear old Triton blow his wreathà ¨d horn. When you analyze a full poem, there’s a good chance that assonance will only occur in certain parts of the work (rather than from start to finish). So don’t panic if you only find assonance in a few lines. Remember that assonance is often used to draw your attention to a specific moment or set of words, so just think of it as a clue to read that section a little closer. In Wordsworth’s poem, assonance occurs in the very beginning of the poem with the long â€Å"a† and at the end of the poem with the long â€Å"o†. Let’s take a closer look at the poem’s last three lines: Have glimpses that would make me less forlorn; Have sight of Proteus rising from the sea;Or hear old Triton blow his wreathà ¨d horn. This poem is about how people have become too enmeshed with civilization (that focuses on â€Å"getting and spending†) and have lost touch with nature. The assonance in last lines emphasize the poem’s theme and help reinforce the piece’s tone. The long â€Å"o† adds a mournful sound to the concluding lines, which reiterates the forlorn tone of the poem. The assonance also reinforces the speaker’s opinion that the way of the past is better than life in the present. By mentioning Proteus and Triton, two Greek gods, the speaker highlights how the modernization of the world has caused it to lose more than its connection to nature: it’s lost its wonder and mystery, too. Assonance Examples in Prose While assonance is most common in poetry, you can also find assonance in prose. In prose works like novels, short stories, and nonfiction, authors use assonance to make their work more vivid. It helps their ideas leap off the page, and it creates tones and feelings that resonate with readers (just like in poetry)! Here’s an assonance example in literature that demonstrates how it can work outside of poetry. Example : A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man by James Joyce James Joyce’s A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man tells the story of the religious and intellectual awakening of Stephen Dedalus, a young man who values beauty and art. Throughout the book, Stephen questions and rebels against the Catholic and Irish conventions of his childhood, and he eventually leaves Ireland for Europe. Given Stephen’s love of art, it’s no surprise that the book often relies on poetic techniques to tell his story. Joyce often uses assonance, which we see in the following line: Soft language issued from their spitless lips as they swished in low circles round and round the field, winding hither and thither through the weeds. The assonance here comes from the repetition of the short â€Å"i,† which occurs eight times in this one sentence! The assonance mimics the sound of whispering, which helps readers experience the â€Å"soft language† Joyce is writing about. Assonance causes this sentence to swish â€Å"in low circles round† the reader, too- which adds to the seductive tone of this short passage. 4 Expert Tips for Analyzing Assonance Now that you know what assonance is, here are a few expert tips to help you find assonance and use it to analyze literature like a pro! Tip 1: Read It Out Loud Assonance is something you hear, rather than something you see. While you can look for similar vowels in words, English is a strange language where pronunciation can vary wildly, even when spelling is almost identical. Take â€Å"laughter† and â€Å"slaughter,† for example. Add one letter...and the pronunciation becomes insanely different! By reading a poem out loud or listening to a recording of it, it becomes a lot easier to find the repetition of vowel sounds. It also is a lot easier to discern how assonance affects the poem’s rhyme, rhythm, and emphasis. Trust us: reading a poem out loud is the best way to find assonance! Tip 2: Look at How Assonance Affects How a Passage Sounds Once you’ve found the assonance, it’s time to think about how it affects the text you’re reading. One way to do this is to start thinking about how assonance contributes to how the passage and/or poem is read. Does it create short, staccato sounds or long, mournful ones? How do these sounds help show readers what the poem is about? For instance, when assonance happens in short words right next to each other (like â€Å"the hard, stark markings on the car assembly line†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ) can mimic the sound of factory, whereas longer, spread out assonance (the cool breeze moved along hills and moors) echoes the peacefulness of a breezy day! Tip 3: Examine the Word Choice Assonance only exists if a poet chooses a specific word that contains the same vowel sound as another word. That means each word in an assonant passage is important! Take a minute to examine the words the poet chooses. Are they related to each other in any way? Pull out a dictionary and look up each word. Along with their definition, do the words have connotative, or implied, meanings that change the way you might interpret the passage? How would using a synonym change the meaning of that line? Investigating why a writer uses the words he doesand paying close attention to what those words meancan help you uncover a poem’s important themes. Tip 4: Consider How Assonance Shapes the Poem as a Whole Look at passage, section, sentence, or line that contains the assonance. Like we mentioned before, assonance is often a way for authors to signal that a specific part of their work is important. Keeping that in mind, ask yourself what you think the purpose of that passage is in the overall scheme of the poem. What is the poet saying in this passage? Does it come at a key moment or an important turning point? Often, poets use assonance to make a point, so there’s a good chance they’re using assonance to communicate a specific message or idea! Now What? Remember: the best toolbox is a full toolbox. That’s why it’s important to understand more literary devices than just assonance! Here’s a list of the literary devices everyone should know and another in-depth guide to get you started. If you’re getting ready for the AP Literature exam- and you probably are!- it’s a good idea understand what’s on the test before you take it. That’s why we’ve put together an expert guide to the AP Literature exam that tells you everything you need to know to ace it! One of the most intimidating parts of the AP exam is the written portion, which requires you to use books you’ve read to answer essay prompts. But which books should you read to prepare? Check out this list of the best books to read for the AP Literature exam to help you build the best reading list possible.

Finance and groowth strategy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4250 words

Finance and groowth strategy - Essay Example This phenomenon makes the valuation of any potential investment a cumbersome task for any decision-maker. For this purpose, several valuation models have been developed that have been tested academically and professionally as being effectively helpful in analyzing investment projects, such as the discounted cash flow, present value, Tobin's q, etc. The discounted cash flow is regarded as the most important technique in evaluating long-term investment decisions, in particular. Reilly and Brown (2003) consider the calculation of discounted cash flow to be the most commonly practiced technique for the valuation of assets. The model is specifically utilized in large organizations as an effective means to analyze an investment on the basis of returns expected within a certain number of years. For instance, a company wants to invest a certain sum of money (See Table 1 and 2) to purchase an asset that is likely to benefit the company and provide a flow of income for the period of five years. This company can utilize the DCF method to reach an appropriate decision concerning whether to buy the asset or not. The asset will be purchased if the Net Present Value (NPV) calculated appears to be positive, whereas the company will not go for this investment if the NPV is less than zero or negative. This model evaluates the value of a company's asse... Wolfe and Gold (2004, p191) state that, "with the discounted cash flow theory cash flows are discounted at a risk-adjusted discount rate to arrive at an estimate of value". Thus, this method utilizes a discount rate to evaluate the cash flows expected from the use of the asset. In the following example (See Table 2), the discount rate is taken as 15%, whereas the investment is evaluated for the period of five years. After discounting the cash flows expected to be received in the given years, the present value is obtained. Table 1 Cash Flows *Considering Expected Inflation =3% Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5 Cash Inflow* $7,519,000 $7,594,190 $7,669,380 7035528 6497543 Less: Operating Costs $1,460,000 $1,503,800 $1,548,914 $1,595,381 $1,643,242 Less: Depreciation $2,266,667 $2,266,667 $2,266,667 $2,266,667 $2,266,667 Operating Income BT $3,792,333 $3,823,723 $3,853,799 $3,173,480 $2,587,634 Tax (10% assumed) $379,233 $382,372 $385,379 $317,348 $258,763 Operating Income AT $3,413,099 $3,441,350 $3,468,419 $2,856,132 $2,328,870 Add: Depreciation $2,266,667 $2,266,667 $2,266,667 $2,266,667 $2,266,667 Cash Flows $5,679,766 $5,708,017 $5,735,086 $5,122,799 $4,595,537 Table 2 Year Cash Flows Discount Rate- 15% Present Value 1 $5,679,766 0.870 4,941,396 2 $5,708,017 0.757 4,320,968 3 $5,735,086 0.658 3,773,686 4 $5,122,799 0.572 2,930,241 5 $4,595,537 0.497 2,283,981 Net Present Value 18,250,272 - Explicating The Investment Risks French and Gabrielli (2005, p80) illuminate that "the DCF method can mirror the all risk yield approach by explicitly applying all the assumptions that have been implicitly allowed for". The preeminence of this method lies in pre-identifying the risks concerning a prospective investment while